Government Sponsors
Institutional
grants provide extensive amounts of money for multi-year and multi-person
projects with many and varied
activities including
travel and equipment and they are usually sponsored by governmental
agencies. Governmental agencies have their own ideas of what they wish
to fund and send out calls for proposals (RFPs or RFAs) for projects
matching those ideas. Budgets are divided between direct and F&A
costs (what used to be called indirect costs). For those who are unfamiliar
with grants, F&A costs are reimbursements for college costs that
are increased due to administering and performing the project. Examples
of F&A costs are electricity, heat, air conditioning, space, local
telephone service and cleaning services. These costs are determined
and collected at rates negotiated between the Research Foundation of
SUNY and a federal agency and established through contract. There are
different rates for federal and non-federal projects and different
rates among the various branches of SUNY. Governmental agencies such
as NIH, NSF, DOE and EPA usually award both direct and facilities and
administration (F&A) costs. Agencies such as NEH, NEA and NARA
are loathe to award F&A costs and are frugal with their direct
costs. For specific rates, it is best to check with the Office of Sponsored
Programs.
The most important thing to remember when submitting proposals
in answer to RFAs or RFPs is to cover every required point enumerated
in the guidelines. Usually each section and item carries with it
a certain number of points and reviewers will subtract those points
if
that element is not addressed in the project design narrative. Never
assume that the reviewer will infer what you are saying; the idea
has to be stated in the most obvious, simplistic, easy to comprehend
language.
Somehow demonstrate that there are preliminary research results that
substantiate further investigation of this topic. Results from a
seed grant, a thorough literature search or institutionally funded
lab research
are good springboards for launching your larger research project.
Fill out all the certification forms, complete the checklists and get
the
required institutional signatures. Lastly, have a friend (or better
yet, an enemy) go over the proposal and severely critique it. This
gives the writer a chance to plug all the holes before submission.
Be
realistic in the budget. If guidelines state that there will be "x" number
of awards and "y" amount of money available, and that the
average award is anticipated to be "z", take that "z" amount
as a clue to the total amount that the agency is really going to fund
for each award. Occasionally, a grant submission is so outstanding
that it will get funded at an extraordinary amount of money, but the
key word here is "occasionally". A typical budget page
has at the minimum spaces for salaries, fringe benefits, consultants,
equipment, travel, supplies, and other, a catch-all phrase for items
that fit nowhere else. Training grants usually have spaces for participants'
costs and participants' travel.
SPONSOR WEBSITES
Extensive information about a particular sponsor and
its funding opportunities can be obtained from consulting its website.
This is
particularly true of Federal Governmental Sponsors. These websites
also list contacts for funding agencies and often for individual
grant programs. The contacts are program officers who are there to
offer
guidance in both subject matter of the proposal and hints in the
actual submission.
FEDERAL
STATE
FEDERAL REGULATIONS